eBike technology explained

Hey everyone!

I'm pretty new to the eBike world, just got myself a nice commuter eBike for my daily 10-mile round trip to work, which includes a few decent hills. I'm loving the assist, but honestly, I'm a bit mystified by how it all works. What are the key components that make an eBike tick, and what's the biggest difference between, say, a hub motor and a mid-drive in terms of the riding experience? I'm trying to get a better grasp on the tech!